From the moment when English colonists arrived in Jamestown in 1607, the relationship with the Indian tribes, who had thrived on the land for thousands of years, was uneasy. At that time, millions of indigenous people were scattered among hundreds of different tribes in North America.

In the nearly century period from the Revolutionary War to the aftermath of the Civil War, about 368 treaties defined the relationship between the United States and Native Americans for centuries to come. The idea of these treaties was that each tribe was an independent nation with its own right. But as white settlers began to migrate into Native American lands, this idea clashed with the constant pace of westward expansion. Almost all of the treaties were not implemented. By examining historical sources, including historical documents and maps, related to the land rights conflicts between Native Americans and European colonial settlers in North America, we attempt to gain a deeper understanding of the Native land loss and the neglect of Native land rights.